Inyandiko y'Ibyanditswe: Itangiriro 41:51; 45: 1-15
Umurongo wo Kwibuka: “Ariko yakomerekejwe kubera ibicumuro byacu, yashenjaguriwe gukiranirwa kwacu, igihano cy’amahoro yacu cyari kuri we, kandi imibyimba ye ni yo yadukijije.” Yesaya 53:5
Isomo Intego: Kugaragaza: (1) ibyangiritse ihohoterwa ritera; no (2) kuba imbaraga za Yesu Mesiya zishobora gukiza ibikomere byo guhohoterwa.
Ihohoterwa nugufata nabi umuntu kubwimpamvu zishingiye ku bwikunde, akenshi kugirango arenganurwe cyangwa arenganijwe. Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo guhohoterwa, nka: umubiri, amagambo, igitsina, n amarangamutima. Imyitwarire igizwe nuburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo guhohoterwa yaba abigambiriye cyangwa atabigambiriye aracyafatwa nabi. Noneho hariho kwibabaza, urugero, kwishingikiriza ku biyobyabwenge, uburaya, no kwikebagura.
Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku mubiri, mu magambo, no mu mibonano mpuzabitsina rikunze kugaragara mu rwego rw’abashakanye, ababyeyi-umwana, n’indi mibanire y’umuryango. Ibindi bice aho ubwo buryo bwo guhohoterwa bukunze kugaragara ni ubucuti nubusabane buyobowe nubutegetsi, nkabapasitori-paruwasi nubusabane bwumukoresha-abakozi. Umuntu uwo ari we wese arashobora gukorerwa ihohoterwa. Nyamara, abagore, abana, n'abageze mu zabukuru bakunze guhohoterwa kurusha abagabo bakuze.
Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku mubiri: Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku mubiri ni imbaraga z'umubiri cyangwa urugomo biviramo gukomeretsa umubiri, kubabara, cyangwa ubumuga. Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku mubiri rikunze kugaragara cyane mu babyeyi-umwana n’umubano n’urukundo rudashyingiranwa.
Gutukana mu magambo: Benshi muritwe twumvise bavuga ko inkoni n'amabuye bishobora kumena amagufwa yacu ariko amagambo ntazigera atubabaza. Ariko, abahohotewe mumagambo bazi neza ko amagambo ababaza kandi ashobora kwangiza nkugukubita umubiri. Inkovu ziva mu magambo zirashobora kumara imyaka. Izi nkovu zo mu mutwe akenshi zituma abantu bumva bafite umutekano muke, bashidikanya kubushobozi bwabo nubuhanga bwabo, kandi rimwe na rimwe ntibabashe gukemura ibibazo byavutse mubuzima.
Gutukana mu magambo birihishe. Usibye guhamagara izina, abantu benshi ntibazi ko gutukana ari gutukwa. Ibi cyane cyane iyo biva kumuntu bizera ko abakunda, nkuwo bashakanye, umubyeyi cyangwa umushumba, cyangwa kumuntu babona nkumuyobozi; cyangwa iyo biva kumuntu uri mumwanya wububasha, kurugero, umuyobozi wumuntu, utanga umuryango, cyangwa umurezi.
Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina: Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ni ibikorwa by’imibonano mpuzabitsina udashaka, ababikora bakoresheje manipulation, imbaraga, iterabwoba, cyangwa gukoresha abahohotewe badashobora gutanga uruhushya. Kugaragariza umwana imyitwarire cyangwa ibikorwa byimibonano mpuzabitsina nabyo bigize ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina. Nk’uko byatangajwe na Minisiteri y’ubuzima n’ibikorwa by’Amerika muri Amerika, kimwe cya kabiri cy’abana bose bahohotewe bahohoterwa n’ababyeyi cyangwa undi muvandimwe.
Ingaruka zihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina hakiri kare kugeza zikuze, bigira ingaruka ku mibanire, akazi, umuryango, nubuzima muri rusange. Nk’uko Barbara E. Bogorad, Psy.D. abitangaza ngo ibimenyetso bya buri muntu ku ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina bikunda kuba mu byiciro bine:
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(2) Guhemukira: Kubangamira ubushobozi bwo kwizerana, guhuza imipaka no kwitiranya uruhare, umujinya nintimba, ingorane zo gushinga umubano.
(3) Ubufasha: Guhangayika, ubwoba, impengamiro yo kongera kwibasirwa, ibitero byubwoba.
(4) Kwigunga: Ibyiyumvo byo gutandukana, gupfobya, kubura inkunga, umubano mubi w'urungano.
Guhohotera Amarangamutima: Irindi jambo ryo guhohotera amarangamutima ni ihohoterwa ryo mu mutwe. Ubu buryo bwo guhohoterwa ni imyitwarire iyo ari yo yose yagenewe kugenzura no kuyobora undi muntu. Irashobora gushiramo ikintu icyo aricyo cyose kuva kunegura buri gihe kugeza kumayeri yoroheje, nko gutera ubwoba, gukoreshwa, no kwanga gushimishwa.
Beverly Engel, umwanditsi w’umugore wahohotewe ku mutima: Kunesha uburyo bwo gusenya no kwisubiraho (1992), avuga ko ihohoterwa rishingiye ku mutima ari nko koza ubwonko kuko bigenda byangirika bitewe n’uko uwahohotewe yiyizera, akumva ko afite agaciro, akizera imyumvire yabo bwite, ndetse no kwiyumvamo ibitekerezo bye. Byaba bikozwe no guhora gutereta no gupfobya, gutera ubwoba, cyangwa kwitwaza "kuyobora," "kwigisha," cyangwa "inama," ibisubizo birasa. Amaherezo, uwahawe ihohoterwa atakaza imyumvire yose yo kwikunda hamwe n ibisigisigi byagaciro. Guhohotera amarangamutima bigabanya intandaro yumuntu, bigatera inkovu zishobora kuba ndende cyane kandi zirambye kuruta izumubiri.
Abantu bahohotewe mumarangamutima bananiwe kubona ko bafite imbaraga. Bahaye imbaraga zabo undi muntu - ahari mugenzi wabo, inshuti yabo, umuyobozi wabo, cyangwa na pasiteri wabo. Mubyukuri, ntamuntu numwe ushobora kugutera gukora ikintu cyose niba utabemereye. Menya ko wenyine ufite imbaraga. Shakisha inzira mu Ijambo ry'Imana kugirango wihe imbaraga.
Fatanya n'Ijambo ry'Imana:
- Abakoze ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina bakunze kumenyekana ku bahohotewe. Ikibabaje nuko akenshi ari abo mumuryango kuruta uko. Ni abahe basobanura ibyabaye hagati ya Tamar na murumuna we Amnon ukora iri hohoterwa? 2 Samweli 13: 1-14
- Mu bwoko butatu bwo guhohoterwa - umubiri, igitsina, n'amarangamutima - hari ubwo bigoye gutsinda? Kubera iki? Kuki? Hoba hariho ibidashoboka gutsinda? Yesaya 53: 5; Zaburi 107: 20; Luka 1:37
Gukira ihohoterwa
- Ceceka. Bwira umuntu wizerwa. Ntutinye gusaba ubufasha. Kubona uburyo bunaka bwo gushyigikirwa nigitekerezo cyiza. Yakobo 5:16; Abagalatiya 6: 2
- Reka uburakari. Uburakari nigisubizo gisanzwe cyakarengane, ariko ntukemere ko kigufunga. Muganire ku buryo umuntu wahohotewe, ku mubiri, cyangwa ku marangamutima ashobora kumvira
Abefeso 4: 26-27, 31-32. - Reka kumva ko wahemukiwe. Ukuri ni uko udashobora guhindura umuntu uwo ari we wese, ushobora kugenzura gusa uburyo ubyitwaramo. Aho kwibanda ku byo wakorewe, shyira imbaraga mu kunoza ubuzima bwawe. Mu kubikora uzavumbura agaciro kawe bwite. Menya inkomoko nyayo y'ubuhemu—Satani akoresha uwabikoze. Guhohotera ni umurimo w'umwanzi. Kugira ngo utere imbere, ugomba kwemera ko shitani yakoreshaga igikoresho gihari kugira ngo ahagarike gahunda y'Imana ku buzima bwawe. Ganira ku Itangiriro 45:1-8; 50:20.
- Mureke isoni, kwishinja, no kwicira urubanza. Icya mbere, reka tumenye neza ko umwana wahohotewe atigeze abazwa ihohoterwa. Ni inshingano z'abantu bakuru kurinda abana bacu ibyago n'akaga. Bikwiye kandi kuvugwa ko uwahohotewe - umwana cyangwa umuntu mukuru - ari igitambo. Abahohotewe bafite imbaraga kandi bakorerwa ihohoterwa; kubwibyo, ntihakagombye kubaho isoni, kwishinja, cyangwa kwicira urubanza. Isoni, kwishinja, no kwicira urubanza ni amayeri umwanzi akoresha kugirango abahohotewe bagwe mu mutego wo kutagira kirengera. Yesaya 61: 3; Abaroma 10:11
- Gira icyerekezo cyawe wenyine. Ni ngombwa kugira icyerekezo cy'uwo wifuza kuba cyo umaze kugarura ubuzima bwawe. Niba bifasha, shakisha icyitegererezo. 1 Abakorinto 11: 1-2
- Koresha Ijambo ry'Imana kugirango wihe imbaraga. Byumvikane vuga Ijambo kugirango ubwire ubuzima wenyine. Bibiliya yuzuyemo imirongo nk'iyi, urugero, Yeremiya 29:11; Zaburi 139: 13-18; Abaroma 3:22; Abafilipi 4:13.